Colombian Independence Day July 20, 1810

On July 20, 1810, Colombian patriots stirred the population of Bogotà ¡ into street protests against Spanish rule. The Viceroy, under pressure, was forced to agree to allow for a limited independence which later became permanent. Today, July 20 is celebrated in Colombia as Independence Day. An Unhappy Population The were numerous reasons for independence. The emperor Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain in 1808, imprisoned King Ferdinand VII, and put his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne, infuriating most of Spanish America. In 1809, New Granada politician Camilo Torres Tenorio wrote his famous Memorial de Agravios (â€Å"Remembrance of Offenses†) about repeated Spanish slights against Creoles—native-born descendants of early French, Spanish, and Portuguese settlers—who often could not hold high offices and whose trade was restricted. His sentiments were echoed by many. By 1810, the people of New Granada (now Colombia) were unhappy with Spanish rule. Pressure for Colombian Independence By July of 1810, the city of Bogota was a holdout for Spanish rule in the region. To the south, leading citizens of Quito had attempted to wrest control of their government from Spain in August of 1809: this revolt had been put down and the leaders were thrown in a dungeon. To the east, Caracas had declared provisional independence on April 19. Even within New Granada, there was pressure: the important seaside city of Cartagena had declared independence in May and other small towns and regions had followed suit. All eyes turned to Bogota, the seat of the Viceroy. Conspiracies and Flower Vases Bogota’s patriots had a plan. On the morning of the 20th, they would ask well-known Spanish merchant Joaquà ­n Gonzalez Llorente to borrow a flower vase with which to adorn a table for a celebration in honor of Antonio Villavicencio, a well-known patriot sympathizer. It was assumed that Llorente, who had a reputation for irascibility, would refuse. His refusal would be the excuse to provoke a riot and force the Viceroy to hand power over to the Creoles. Meanwhile, Joaquà ­n Camacho would go to the Viceregal palace and request an open council: the rebel leaders knew that this, too, would be refused. Camacho proceeded to the home of Viceroy Antonio Josà © Amar y Borbà ³n, where the petition for an open town meeting regarding independence was predictably denied. Meanwhile, Luà ­s Rubio went to ask Llorente for the flower vase. By some accounts, he refused rudely, and by others, he declined politely, forcing the patriots to go to plan B, which was to antagonize him into saying something rude. Either Llorente obliged them or they made it up: it didn’t matter. Patriots ran through the streets of Bogota, claiming that both Amar y Borbà ³n and Llorente had been rude. The population, already on edge, was easy to incite. Riot in Bogota The people of Bogota took to the streets to protest Spanish arrogance. The intervention of Bogota Mayor Josà © Miguel Pey was necessary to save the skin of the unfortunate Llorente, who was attacked by a mob. Guided by patriots like Josà © Marà ­a Carbonell, the lower classes of Bogota made their way to the main square, where they loudly demanded an open town meeting to determine the future of the city and New Granada. Once the people were sufficiently stirred up, Carbonell then took some men and surrounded the local cavalry and infantry barracks, where the soldiers did not dare attack the unruly mob. Meanwhile, patriot leaders returned to Viceroy Amar y Borbà ³n and tried to get him to consent to a peaceful solution: If he agreed to hold a town meeting to elect a local governing council, they would see to it that he would be part of the council. When Amar y Borbà ³n hesitated, Josà © Acevedo y Gà ³mez made an impassioned speech to the angry crowd, directing them to the Royal Audience, where the Viceroy was meeting with the Creoles. With a mob at his doorstep, Amar y Borbà ³n had no choice but to sign the act which permitted a local ruling council and eventually independence. Legacy of the July 20 Conspiracy Bogotà ¡, like Quito and Caracas, formed a local ruling council which supposedly would rule until such time as Ferdinand VII was restored to power. In reality, it was the sort of measure that cannot be undone, and as such was the first official step on Colombias path to freedom which would culminate in 1819 with the Battle of Boyacà ¡ and Simà ³n Bolà ­vars triumphant entry into Bogotà ¡. Viceroy Amar y Borbà ³n was allowed to sit on the council for a while before being arrested. Even his wife was arrested, mostly to appease the wives of Creole leaders who detested her. Many of the patriots involved in the conspiracy, such as Carbonell, Camacho, and Torres, went on to become important leaders of Colombia over the next few years. Although Bogotà ¡ had followed Cartagena and other cities in rebellion against Spain, they did not unite. The next few years would be marked by such civil strife between the independent regions and cities that the era would become known as the Patria Boba which roughly translates as Idiot Nation or Foolish Fatherland. It wasnt until Colombians began fighting the Spanish instead of one another that New Granada would continue on its path to freedom. Colombians are very patriotic and enjoy celebrating their Independence Day with feasts, traditional food, parades, and parties. Sources Bushnell, David. The Making of Modern Colombia: A Nation in Spite of Itself. University of California Press, 1993.Harvey, Robert. Liberators: Latin Americas Struggle for Independence Woodstock: The Overlook Press, 2000.Lynch, John. The Spanish American Revolutions 1808-1826 New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1986.Santos Molano, Enrique. Colombia dà ­a a dà ­a: una cronologà ­a de 15,000 aà ±os. Bogota: Planeta, 2009.Scheina, Robert L. Latin Americas Wars, Volume 1: The Age of the Caudillo 1791-1899 Washington, D.C.: Brasseys Inc., 2003.

The Effect Of Qualification And Income Levels On The...

Abstract Topics: Variations in electoral voting patterns and educational attainment/skills. In this essay, I will be investigating the effects of qualification and income levels on the political status of 6 different Birmingham wards. My research statement is, To what extent does the relationship between levels of qualification and income, influence the political status of different Birmingham wards? I shall compare and contrast several different sources of data, as well as referring to my questionnaire results in my data analysis. My hypothesis was that wards which had a high level of social class and the majority of their population had level 4 qualifications and above, as well as a high level of household income; were expected to†¦show more content†¦Moreover, with the aid of questionnaires I was able to understand a variety of reasons as for why people did and did not vote for specific wards, and whether it was the local or national policies which were having a greater influence on the public’s political stance. Word Count: 298 Introduction Aim: With a population in excess of 1,000,000 people and over 40 different wards and constituencies, Birmingham is generally regarded as the second city of the United Kingdom. Within Birmingham, each ward must vote for their individual party counsellor who may be representing the Labour, Conservative or Liberal Democrats party . The aim of my investigation is to find out whether the different levels of qualification and household income throughout Birmingham has any effect on the party counsellor chosen for that specific ward. I will be investigating; what factors have an effect on levels of qualification and income and how these levels of income and qualification influence the overall political status of a Birmingham ward. Research Question: â€Å"To what extent does the relationship between levels of qualification and income, influence the political status of different Birmingham wards?† Hypothesis: I hypothesise that affluent wards and constituencies such as; Moseley Kings Heath, Sutton Four Oaks and Edgbaston whose population are of a high social class (grade C1 and above) and an average of 47% of their population

Othello by William Shakespeare Essay Example For Students

Othello by William Shakespeare Essay The play Othello by William Shakespeare is based on an Italian story in Giraldi Cinthio’s Hecatommithi (Grolier). In Othello we encounter Iago, one of Shakespeare s most evil characters. Iago is an officer in Othello’s army and is jealous of Cassio’s promotion to Lieutenant. Through deception and appearance, we see unfolded many lies and clever schemes. The astonishing thing about Iago is that he seems to make up his malicious schemes as he goes along without any forethought. Noted writer Samuel Taylor Coleridge describes Iago’s plan as motive-hunting of a motiveless malignity (Scott 413). Iago seizes every opportunity to further advance his plan to his advantage. Greed plays a major role as a motive for his various schemes and lies. Throughout the story, Iago portrays himself as a Satan figure. In many ways, Iago can compare with Satan. Iago, like Satan, has proved himself to be a master of deception. He lies to everyone taking great care to disguise his own thoughts. For example, in Act 1 scene 2, when he is speaking to Othello about his feelings toward Cassio, he uses very strong language, while at the same time, he lies throughout the whole speech faking loyalty to a fellow soldier and all the while implying that he is reluctantly holding back the full truth: I had rather have this tongue cut from my mouth. Than it should do offense to Michael Cassio (I. ii. 21-22). This deception impresses and convinces Othello that his officer is a good and loyal soldier. Iago also succeeds in deceiving Cassio. After Cassio’s drunken fight, Iago counsels him to speak to Desdemona about trying to convince Othello to reinstate him as lieutenant, all the while knowing that this will only prove helpful to his plan of having Othello see him with Desdemona. Cassio answers him: You advise me well Goodnight, honest Iago (II. iii. 332/340). Thus, even Cassio is capable of being deceived by Iago. With all of this deception, it is a wonder that Iago is not Satan himself. He even gives an account to his plan of deception, in a soliloquy, in Act II. In comparing himself with Satan, he says: When devils will the blackest sins put on. They do suggest at first with heavenly shows. As I do now: for whiles this honest fool. Plies Desdemona to repair his fortunes. And she for him pleads strongly to the Moor, I’ll pour this pestilence into his ear (II. iii. 301-306) Iago describes how Satan uses the appearance of something good to disguise the various temptations that we know are evil. He tells how he will do the same while Cassio is begging Desdemona to tell Othello to take him back, Iago then will start his destructive scheme. Satan also deceives by lying and twisting the truth. When he told Eve in the Garden of Eden surely you will not die (Gen. 3: 4), he twisted the truth to deceive her. The Apostle John calls him the father of liars: for he is a liar, and the father of lies (John 8:44). As you can see, Iago and Satan both use deception to further benefit themselves. Through deception, Iago creates the appearance of good, which is what ultimately fools the people around him into thinking that he is loyal and honest. Being an officer is an honorable rank. Historically, an officer carried the company’s banner, which he was never to desert. In battle, if the company’s banner were threatened, all the soldiers had to fight to defend it and also its bearer. So by tradition and definition, he had to be well liked, brave, and trustful. Iago already has the appearance of being a good and honest man so he has an advantage when it comes to keeping that honest look about him throughout the story. Othello, it would seem, has fallen for this appearance when he tells Iago: I am bound to thee forever (III. iii. 214). .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .postImageUrl , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:hover , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:visited , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:active { border:0!important; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:active , .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915 .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u09a5fb9db7828df0732bd167cf4dc915:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Characters mood, themes and action of Shakespeare's play EssayOthello relates this to Iago because he trusts him. Satan works in much the same way as Iago does. He creates something pleasant out of something totally evil by making it appear glorious. The apostle Paul makes a comparison between the appearance of men and Satan in II Corinthians: For such men are false apostles, deceitful workers, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ. And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light (II Cor. 11:13-14). Iago deceitfully organizes his plan so as to appear trustworthy to everyone. Iago also uses appearances to create deception. When Cassio had finished asking Desdemona, in the garden, if she would talk to Othello for him, he left her presence. Iago and Othello were standing off in the distance observing them. When Othello asks him if it was indeed Cassio that he saw, Iago replies: Cassio, my lord! No, sure, I cannot think it, That he would steal away so guilty-like, Seeing you coming (III. iii. 37-39). He uses that scene to convince Othello that Cassio looked mighty guilty when he left Desdemona. This shows that not only can deception be used to create appearance, but that appearance can also be used to create deception. Othello proves this fact further, later on in the play, when he, himself, asks for appearance as proof of Desdemona’s fraudulent behavior, too much to the point that he threatens Iago by telling him: Villain, be sure thou prove my love a whore. Be sure of it; give me the ocular proof. Or, by the worth of mine eternal soul. Thou hadst been better have been born a dog. Than answer my wak’d wrath! (III. iii. 359-363) Othello demands to see it with his own eyes in order for it to be convincing. Iago then changes the subject and lies to Othello outright by telling him that he heard Cassio talking in his sleep. He then goes so far as to say that Cassio was making sexual implications to him while sleeping: And then, sir, would he grip and wring my hand. Cry O sweet creature! and then kiss me hard. As if he pluck’d up kisses by the roots. That grew upon my lips: then laid his leg. Over my thigh, and sigh’d, and kiss’d; and then/ Cried Cursed fate that gave thee to the Moor! (III. iii. 421-426). This undoubtedly upsets Othello, thus showing that Iago’s craftiness knows no bounds. He made Cassio appear dishonest by lying to Othello. Satan also uses appearance to create deception. We see an example of this when he tempts Eve in the garden. He uses the pleasing appearance of the fruit to deceive her. When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was desirable to make one wise, she took from it’s fruit and ate Then the Lord God said to the woman, What is this you have done? And the woman said, The serpent deceived me, and I ate. (Gen. 3: 6,13). The appearance of the fruit, to the eyes of Eve, deceives her into taking it and eating of it. Satan also uses the woman to tempt Adam into eating the fruit as well. Satan and Iago, both, have a unique way of twisting appearances into looking like truths. This, sometimes, makes it hard to distinguish between the two evils. Iago and Satan have been compared in many ways. He is called a viper just as Satan is called a serpent. Lodovico asks: Where is that viper? Bring the villain forth (V. ii. 285). When Satan is in the garden, he is referred to as the serpent. And the serpent said to the woman (Gen. 3:4). As we have seen, metaphorically and by example, Iago has proven to be the epitome of evil in that he uses the same tactics that Satan does to get what he wants.

Music Appreciation free essay sample

Madrigal Proper, In this form, the madrigal was through-composed. It used quite a bit of word-painting, which is the matching of music to the words in the text. There also is The Ballet, which is a piece in which dancers tell a story through their movements and the music. Lastly, there is The Are, with is a form of madrigal that is performed in a number of different ways, including with or without accompaniment. 2. What ere chorales? Why were they popular? Easy to sing melodies, often based on traditional folk songs. They were popular because the printing press allowed for the publishing of hymnbooks. 3. What is a consort? An instrumental ensemble consisting of six instruments: flute or recorder, lute, cistern, violin or treble viola De gamma, bandore, and the bass viola De gamma. Who was Gallinule Duffy? What contributions did he make to Renaissance music? A Franco-Flemish composer who was born in Brussels, he was a rollers composer and one of the most Influential of the fifteenth century. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Appreciation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He wrote music in almost every musical form available at the time, including chants, motets, chorales, and Masses. 5. Who was William Byrd? What contributions did he make to Renaissance music? An Englishman born in 1543; was one composer who created consort music. He is sometimes considered one of the first geniuses of the keyboard and many of his compositions were published in My Ladle Unveils Book and Parental. Critical Thinking Questions _ How did music In the Renaissance differ from medieval music?Medieval music refers to music written during the Middle Ages, around the time of DADA 1400. Most music of this time was monotonic or homoerotic plainchant. Renaissance music refers to the period from around 1400-1600. The sound became different, in the sense of tone. Notable composers of this period are Orlando Gibbons, John Bull, Thomas Totals and William Byrd. 2. What were the effects of the printing press on music and composers? It allowed hymnbook to be published. D this lead the music away from borrowing music of older folk songs. . If the Renaissance is thought to represents rebirth or new birth, how is this reflected in the music of the Renaissance? The music was changing in good ways, from the medieval times. They were able to move away from borrowing music from old folk songs. 4. What was the role of music during the Renaissance? How was It used In society? The printing press also initiated the printing of music for commercial purposes. This largely began In Venice, Italy, around 1501, whenTitivation Buttercup printed the first significant collection of polyphonic music. Music came to occupy a greater position in society during the Renaissance period. One reason for this was the growing number of people who had more time for leisure 5. Many of the songs from ancient times through the Renaissance built activities. On the melodies of previous songs. What were the advantages for composers of using a melody that had already been created? The advantages that people had their music and only had to come up with words, if they were needed. Music Appreciation free essay sample Music is an essential part of my life. It affects me in many ways, not just emotionally, but physically as well. I have been listening to music for almost my whole life, but the type of music I have listened to has changed throughout my life. I have been influenced by many people as to the type of music I have and currently listen to. To start off, I have listened to numerous types of music throughout my life. I started off listening to hip-hop and rap music. I believe that my sister Influenced this.This is because I listened to music in the car whenever I rode with her and I never got to choose the station. She listened to the radio station Hot 104. 1, which is current hip-hop and rap. For example, I used to listen to Brittany Spears, NCSC, the Spice Girls, and the Backstreet Boys. I used to make up dances to the Backstreet Boys songs with her when I was a young kid. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Appreciation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once I hit middle school I started listening to what all my friends were listening too. At this time, rap was on the up and coming. I Just wanted to fit in with all my friends and not be an outcast.All the cool kids were listening to it and I would do whatever it takes to be popular. Highlights is where I started to branch out on my own and not do so much of what people wanted me to listen to. I didnt really care what other people thought and was going to have people like me for who I am, not who I should be. This is when I started to listen to a lot more country music. My parents have always listened to country and I believe this made us a lot closer. We would listen to country in the car whenever I would ride with them and found a passion for it.Listening to this would elf us not worry about everything that was going on in the world and just give us a break. After high school when I moved out and am on my own. I started to listen to all different types of music. I became a lot more open. The kid I hung out with the most listened to rap music only. Artists like Ill Wayne, Big Sean, Drake and so on. I love to drive around and listen to music and Just sing along and be myself. A lot of the songs I would listen to would be songs that I knew all the words too. It made me feel a lot happier and just release stress.One of my all time favorite songs is Ants Marching y the Dave Matthews Band. This song is about how people get so caught up in Just going through the motions and letting life pass you by. One way this song touched me is by knowing that I should cherish every moment I have while the people closest to me are alive. One song that really has touched me and I can really relate to Is Small Town Southern Man by Alan Jackson. The mall reason Is because this song relates exactly to my grandpas life. He passed away when I was only in 6th grade. I was so close to him and some say that I am a spitting image of him; I take pride in that.This song touches me and always brings tears in my eyes because it makes me think about everything that I have done to break away from the man he was. Another reason I listen to music Is because it is very soothing. It really relaxes me. When I go up to the plate I want a song that will calm me down, a song that I used last year was opinion should not affect my life in any way. Music has affected me throughout my whole life, going from being cool to understanding the true meaning in the songs. Music has shaped me to become the person I am today. Without music, I do not know how different my life would me. Music Appreciation free essay sample Radio Report Instead of attending a concert and writing a concert report, I decided to do the radio report. On April 24, 2007, I listened to the station WOOZY 90. 7 FM from seven to eight p. M. It was hosted by Jiving Jean and Neal. The theme of that session was the asss Rhythm and Blues. Because the Jazz Fest Is approaching, they decided to feature some of the artists that would be performing. In which they varied from Percy Sledge to the Fester Sisters. The first song that they played was no other than, Jazz Fest in New Orleans by the aster Sisters.The lead vocalist of the group was basically singing about the Jazz Fest The lyrics of the song featured a lot of history about New Orleans night life, food, and other interests that draw a lot of tourist. The music to the song had an up-tempo beat to it. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Appreciation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The second song of the night was I Did My Part by Irma Thomas. This song had a more old time blues feeling to It than the previous song. Irma sung about doing her part in the relationship when her mate was there. The instruments that made up the sound consisted of a piano and a saxophone. The song was medium in tempo ND I really liked its melody and lyrics.The next song played was Jean Knights Tutu. The lyrics to this song caught my attention; it was very comical to me. She was basically telling a man that he cant mess with her tutu because he has another woman already. The music to the song had a nice beat that you could groove to. Jerry Lee Lewis Whole Lot of Shall Golf On had a very lively beat Just as Tutu. The hook to the song was shake baby shake. The Instruments being played Included a piano and a guitar. It really reminded me of Elvis a lot because it was something you could dance to. The next song had a very soft rock feeling when it began.It was Golf Back Home to New Orleans by Addable Crawford. Just as the Fester Sisters, he sung about the times he had in New Orleans and also about how hes going back home, because theres no place like the N. O. The beat to the song had a very fast tempo; it was also a dance song. Reggae Halls Work was also a high tempo song. He was pleading about how he did his share and worked all day and his lady wouldnt even fix him something to eat. The lyrics were comical to me. Though it was short in length, I enjoyed it. Bobby Charles See You Later Alligator is very well known.The man was singing about how he caught his girl walking with someone else and she told him see you later alligator get out her way because hes cramping her style. The next time they saw each other he reminded her of that and told her he didnt want her back. I kind of liked it because I know the hook to the song. The next song was CO Sanders Got My Eyes on You. A man was telling a lady that he had his eyes on her that night. I liked the harmonica solo that was played after the chorus. The beat had a very Cajun style feeling to it. 1 OFF inning about all the lies he was told and how only time would tell what happened.Between each verse, the saxophone had a mini solo. It had sort off laid back beat. I wasnt too fond of it overall. It Tears Me Up by Percy Sledge was a lot slower than the other songs and had a nice mellow feel to it. Percy was singing about how he caught his girl with his best friend and how hes dying inside. James Rivers rendition of Second Line was nice. It was something a lot of folks would get up and dance to. The whole song was instrumental. It was something you would hear at Marci Grass, the Jazz Fest, or while attending a Second Line. The next song was Golden Eagles Indian Red.It began with an Indian chant with other Indians pledging in the background. They were saying how they were the Indians of the Nation. It had a live feeling to it because you could hear the tambourines, Indian drums, and the Indians yelling in the background. Charlie Millers Piano Night 2003 featured only a piano and a saxophone. It was very boring and off tempo to me. It didnt have a melody or much off beat that you could follow. It was Just thrown together. Check Mr.. Popeye by Eddie Bob was very outdoorsy to me. It had a live music fest yep mood to me. Music Appreciation free essay sample This was my first time In the McCrae hall theater, the organ is a very nice Dalton to the hall the gold leaf was a perfect choice. The general attire of the audience was casual among the younger attendees where the older attendees were more formal where I wore kaki cargos and a black French cuffed shirt. There were a lot of ties stock button ups was the main shirt worn, very few informal outfits that evening. The age range of the audience was possibly around age 15 to age 80 give or take a few years, most of the people who showed up were college students though the rest was made p, of about 16 or so, elderly couples.My favorite piece played was the Sonata no. 21 in C major, POP. 53, Wallabies the tempo was a perfect speed for my tastes the energy and Intensity from the pianist furthered the of the piece. We will write a custom essay sample on Music Appreciation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The BPML of the piece was a medium though parts of it was faster In parts. Overall the piece was very smooth Like a crushed velvet smooth to the touch and Is pleasing to the senses. The lower end of the audio spectrum of the Plano tickled my fancy because I enjoy Industrial and techno music so bass along tit the lower end of the spectrum are pleasing to me. My least favorite song was polonaise in f-sharp Minor, POP. 44 the tempo was k to me personally I feel that the piece could have been played faster and it will would have sounded a smidgen nicer. The transitions of the tempo were very smooth though I feel that Chopping work is good, it Just isnt my cup of tea. Overall how the piece was executed was perfect just how it sounded off to me, like there could have been more added to the piece I possibly would have enjoyed it more In a full orchestra setting tit the full sound of the double bass and the highs of the violins.I would rate the concert as satisfactory because Im a bigger fan of Beethoven and Bach I would recommend this pianist to any of my friends who are fans of the classics. All the songs that were played were beautify done, though, I do prefer a full orchestra verses a soloist on a piano. This preference is to be blamed on my parents when I did piano lessons my instructor was intimidating to me so that childhood scaring is p art of my reasoning. I enjoy the full sound of an orchestra blazing a trail of perfect notes. By ChamferThis was my first time in the McCrae hall theater, the organ is a very nice addition tempo was a perfect speed for my tastes the energy and intensity from the pianist was faster in parts. Overall the piece was very smooth like a crushed velvet smooth to the touch and is pleasing to the senses.

George Custer essays

George Custer essays I have chosen to write on the life and times of George Armstrong Custer; perhaps one of the most controversial and misunderstood figures in United States military history. In this paper I will talk about the life of Custer, his background, career, schooling, marriage, military service, and ultimately his untimely death at the Battle of Little Bighorn. My thesis statement for this paper is the following: George Armstrong Custer led a distinguished military career in the U.S. Army, despite being flamboyant, taking unnecessary risks, and repeatedly disobeying orders. He remains one of the best-known figures in U.S. history. At the conclusion of this paper, I hope to have instilled in you a greater knowledge of Custer, as well as make you see why so many people are intrigued with this man who died almost 130 years ago. George Armstrong Custer was born on December 5th, 1839 in New Rumley, Ohio. His parents, Emanuel and Maria Custer owned a blacksmith shop. His father also served as the local sheriff. To his family, George Custer was known as Autie. He got this nickname as a child after referring to himself by this name. Custer had four siblings, and by all accounts the Custer household was very inclusive, full of love, and very close-knit. As a child, both Emanuel and Maria Custer lavished affection upon all their children, however, George Custer was seen as special to both his parents and to his siblings. He was bright, dedicated, curious, and impulsive, and always seemed to know and get what he wanted. He also got into trouble around town, and was known for the practical jokes he would play on people (Jeffry Wert, Custer: The Controversial Life of George Armstrong Custer, p. 18-19). When Custer was six years old he began attending a one-room school in New Rumley. Although Custer was definitely bright and full of common sense when it came to the real world, when it came to school Custer was not that bright. Cust...

The Wrong Question

The Wrong Question I come back from a conference with all sorts of fodder for editorials, sometimes for a great article to pitch a magazine. A lot of times too much material, but thats part of what makes conferences energizing and rejuvenating. They provide spark. Like your teachers said in school, or shouldve said if they didnt, is there is never a stupid question. At a conference, all questions should be welcomed. But that doesnt mean that some questions arent the wrong ones to ask. For instance, one writer asked, Lets say I just quit my job and have this book to sell. How can I make enough money to live off of? I was moderating the panel, so I seized control first. I wanted to answer this one. I actually wanted to pull this writer aside and talk specifics with him. This was a very cart-before-the-horse question. First, a writer leaves the day job only after he has made specific plans on what he will write, how he will market it, and what income he can expect to come in. Books are not quick money makers, at least not until you have a platform and have multiple books under your belt, and even then, only if youve mastered indie publishing. There are So many steps there to take BEFORE you quit the day job. Items to consider before you quit the day job to be a writer: 1) How much money have you made writing while still on the day job. If youve made $5,000 while working ten hours a week, then hopefully youll make $20,000 while working forty hours. Whoa. Doesnt sound like much, does it? Then stick to the day job until youve raised how much you make part-timing it. When youre making $10,000 or $20,000 part-time, then you might have something. Dont try to convince yourself that full-time will enable you to make way more . . . more than the hourly basis youre making part-time. Because writing full-time will involve administrative tasks like taxes, computer maintenance, and self-promotion that eat up your time without pay. 2) Make sure you have solid health insurance. One broken arm and no insurance can derail you time-wise and financially, to the point youd kill to have that day job back again. 3) What writing income can you develop in addition to book revenues? Im a believer in any writer freelancing, because one That writer didnt ask a stupid question. It turned into quite the good discussion. Asking a question that had its priorities screwed up became a learning tool for the entire room. Ask any question, because often the wrong question can turn into the right one.

Structuring Your MessageUNIT4DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Structuring Your MessageUNIT4DB - Essay Example In this paper, we will address why the opening of a presentation is crucial and some ways to prepare an effective one. The opening, beginning or introduction of a presentation tells the audience what is to come and what to expect. According to Mary Munter (2002), one must remember to â€Å"set the stage†, â€Å"grab attention†, â€Å"use humor with caution† and â€Å"state recommendations† in preparing for the opening. (p. 43-44) She underscored the fact that this is the part where the presenter introduces the topic, sets the pace, and establishes credibility. There are several styles in doing so, but it is recommended to use a formal introductory device. Effective formal openers include anecdote, humor and involving question. Steve Mandel (2000) explained these extensively in his book, The Effective Presentation Skills. Anecdote, which is usually humorous though not always, tells of a short story to illustrate a point. Humor, on the other hand, uses a joke as a springboard to seize attention and break the ice. Mandel, however, warned against humor that has something to do with sex, race, religion, or any other personal topic. According to him the humor must be linked to the speaker, topic, audience, or the occasion. It should be conservative. Involving question is a bit tricky, so if one does not know his audience, he could ask for a show of hands after asking an open-ended question. This is a safe way since audience might give a wrong answer or crack a joke at the presenter’s expense. (Mandel, p. 24) Informative presentations do away with these devices and instead call for introductions that state facts and figures. (Asha, p. 96) In this case, statistical data or citing the agenda is used to open the presentation. Confidence adds up to the impact of a presentation. That is the reason why practice and preparation is important. I have seen a very good presentation ruined because the presenter

The Gettysburg Address Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Gettysburg Address - Essay Example They constituted the last line of defense between Lee and the Union capital of Washington D.C. On the third day, the Confederate Army’s frontal assault was repulsed and the Battle of Gettysburg was won by the Union forces. This was the only battle waged in the North and resulted in 23,000 causalities for the Union Army. The Confederates lost 28,000 (BookRags Web site). In the aftermath of the battle, the dead lay unburied, or were hastily bundled into makeshift graves in the fields. Pennsylvania’s Governor, Andrew Curtin, commissioned a reputed local Attorney, David Wills, to purchase land to serve as an appropriate cemetery for the Union dead. This resulted in the acquisition of the 17 acres of the Gettysburg National Cemetery. While the work of reinterring the Union dead from the field graves to the cemetery was still in progress, the cemetery was formally dedicated on 19 November, 1863. At present, the cemetery is home to over 6,000 American service men who died in t he Civil War, Spanish-American War, the World Wars and the Vietnam War (Gettysburg.com Web site). On 19 November, 1863, President Lincoln, members of his Cabinet, Governors of the Northern States and Civil and Military Officials gathered at Gettysburg, along with a crowd of about 15,000 citizens. A crude platform had been constructed on the battlefield, with journalists seated on one side and the dignitaries on the other. The keynote speaker at the dedication ceremony was Edward Everett from Massachusetts, an ardent Unionist and renowned Orator, who was considered one of the best speakers of the time.

Signature Assesment Essay Example for Free

Signature Assesment Essay As I come to the end of my first master’s course, it certainly does come with a price of perfection, and perfection I have not found yet. I feel overwhelmed with words and the usage of APA style. My professor Dr. Kris Lichtanski says that scholarly writing is a must when one enters the Psychology field. I have finally understood what scholarly writing is truly about. Every time I hear the words â€Å"scholarly writing†, I think of Aristotle and Socrates for some reason, These two famous men from the beginning of antiquity, have impacted our souls and minds with such great wisdom, such as education and medical teachings that one can only imagine and this imagination for me is what I will sent out to achieve and finally turn an imagination into a dream, which will then turn into scholarly writing and finally into reality. So, traveling through time from antiquity to reality is what I call a major road trip. I hope to achieve this skill of writing, and possess the qualities that I have learned from my first mentor to the turning of the tassel. I find myself forming an opinion already of what one must do to obtain a degree of higher education from NCU and it truly scares me. I feel that as I write this first assignment I will take the actionable goals, use the intermediate and immediate in a positive manner, use personal control, and demonstrate meaningful insight in the presentations of my activities with in each class. The assignment is broken down into three parts, program resources and a personal success plan and finally a motivation touchstone, as I started the master’s program I had a variety of assignments to do and with all the resources I have collected throughout the first course. I have compiled a variety of the resources and shall use them throughout the courses to come. My Program Resources 1. Building the Vision- Activity resources- Library Roadrunner Search Discovery, Writing Center –Smart Thinking online 24/7 tutorial service 2. Taming the Time Management Beast- Attack Your Day! Before It Attacks You, by Woods, Mark (Woods,) Entire Time Management Workbook- I will use this as a skill builder and plan to use the Mark Woods time course to help set my future goals. 3 Giving Credit Where Credit is Due-Northcentral Academic Integrity Tutorial Successful vs. unsuccessful paraphrases and () Basics of APA Style. This resource will be my Bible and my guiding strength and I can access this from the NCU website. 4. How to Find What You Need-http://library. ncu. edu/dw_template. aspx? parent_id=226 http://www. apa. org/topics/index. aspx. I will find theses skill builders, resources and I plan to use this as my main topic first on every assignment by researching all the topics in the NCU library 5. Thinking critically-. —I would like to us this skill every day in my life as well as the work I will do for NCU. I would like to use a thinking website to challenge my brain. I need thinking tips and using higher productivity as well as clarity of thought to write papers with integrity. 6. Preparing an Annotated bibliography-When I will prepare an annotated bibliography, I will use the NCU library as well as all the skill builders plus proof readers. 7. Creating Actionable Goals related to obtaining your Graduate Degree- All the goals that I plan to use will be strong and hopefully attainable; I think that all the sites that Mark Woods’s ideology may benefit and I feel with help from (my therapist)set my plan and work my plan in baby steps are better for me. References http://dx. doi. org/Retrieved from http://www. headscratchers. comhttp:// Woods, M. Attack your day before it attacks you Retrieved hhttp://ncuregistration. attackyourday. net) http://www. canberra. edu. au/studyskills/writing/bibliography- http://www. lib. purdue. edu/content/tutorials-scientific-paper http://www. organizeyourself. com www. criticalthinking. org http://7rulesofachievement. com/resources http://www. goalstoaction. com http://www. timemanagementtraininghq. com My Personal Success Plan | | | Skill| Skill Evaluation| Goals(Indicate if these goals are immediate or intermediate goals)| | | | | | | Skill| Skill Evaluation| Goals(Indicate if these goals are immediate or intermediate goals)| | Beginner| Familiar| Master| | Visualizing overall goals| 1| 1| 0| Intermediate goals-I have a hard visualizing any goal I attain. ( fear of failure)| Understanding how I can reach those goals at Northcentral| 1| 1| 0| Intermediate goals-I feel through solid guidance and outstanding support from my mentors, advisors and perseverance, I can achieve the degree that I want and be proud of myself. | Understanding and applying the Academic Integrity Policy| 2| 2| 1| Immediate goals- As I go through each activity and class, I will have a better understanding and shall apply the academic Integrity policy with/tp each paper that I write. | Applying APA citation| 1| 1| 0| Immediate goals- absolutely with every minute I write a paper, I will improve with the resources from NCU Library as well as a proof reader. | Read and analyze complex texts| 1| 1| 0| Immediate goals- I shall try understand and improve my reading comprehension with complex texts. | Perform an online library search| 1| 2| 1| Immediate goals- each time I perform an online search, I am constantly improving my skills with the ROADRUNNER Search. | Manage time| 2| 1| 0| Immediate/Intermediate goals demonstrate personal control – with/out medication—as long as triggers do not affect me and slow my anxiety/depression. I will need assistance with this as well. | Formulate actionable goals| 1| 1| 0| Intermediate- demonstrates positive and meaningful goals. Formulate actions that will be personal as well as productive. I would like to use some resources to attain these goals. | Self evaluate skills and progress| 2| 2| 1| Immediate/Intermediate goals. -I would like to self-evaluate my goals on a daily basis, because my therapist says this is part of my recovery. I also, will be able to evaluate my skills because I will see my academic progress as well. | My Motivation Touchstone My third and final submission for will be submitted on a separate file as indicated by the activity sheet.

Essay --

Walter Cronkite: One of America’s most beloved and well-known television personalities left a lasting impact on the presentation of news on television. (wrong use of a colon.. did you mean to have this sentence as a title?) As Cronkite grew with his network, so did his power and influence over the minds of the American public. (awkward transition between your intro, whichi is too brief to begin with, and the next part) Cronkite was born in Saint Joseph, Missouri, and later during his high school years, shared his first taste of journalism by working on the local high school newspaper. (Barron) Later accepted into the University of Texas at Austin, Cronkite participated in more newspaper organizations and fraternities until he decided to drop out of school late in his junior year. After being offered several reporting jobs covering news and sports, Cronkite began his broadcasting career as a radio announcer for WKY in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma before switching over to a sports an nouncer for KCMO in Kansas City, Missouri. (Barnhart) World War II soon broke out and Cronkite was chosen as one of eight journalists to cover the stories going on in the rampaging Europe. Gaining a reputation as a big-time journalist, Cronkite continued to expand on his credibility by covering the Nuremberg Trials, a series of cases that prosecuted the leaders of Nazi Germany. As several years passes, the tides of war finally grew to a close and Cronkite returned home where he soon himself a job at CBS News in 1950. (No real focus here. What are you trying to accomplish here? Are you going with a chronological coverage of his life? If so, prep the reader for it. I thought this was still the introductory paragraph at first) â€Å"Television became a powerful medi... ...rrow who encouraged voicing one’s opinion, Cronkite refused to share his own beliefs in his broadcasts. But even if he was objective, Cronkite was not afraid to smile or show enthusiasm and emotions during the show. He gave off this warm and fuzzy personality that brought in many viewers and his signature sign-off, â€Å"That’s the way it is,† became popular for its folksy charm. â€Å"Before long, viewers were calling him Uncle Walter.† (Ritchie) The actual use of Water’s name was a new change brought as well. Before this time, radio stations at the time did not want people to use their real names for fear of taking their listeners with them if they left. For example, the news stations did not want the audience to become too attached to a certain reporter or host, such as Cronkite, since of that reporter left, then many fans would follow suit and drop the station’s ratings.

Community health nurses Essay

How can community health nurses apply the strategies of cultural competence to their practice? A nurse can be a part of helping a patient’s cultural preservation in their practice. For example, some people in the Jamaican culture hold nine-day wakes for deceased persons. The wake is a time for respecting and honoring the departed soul. For nine nights, relatives and friends share food and sing hymns, thus saying goodbye to the departed one (). A nurse can advocate for a patient from Jamaican cultural by coordinating with the hospice facility a way for the wake to take place as the Jamaican culture sees fit. A nurse can also apple cultural accommodation into their practice. For example, in Jamaican cultures herbal medicines are popular, and herbal medicine practitioners and balmists, who practice bush medicine, provide treatment for a wide range of ailments. A nurse can advocate for cultural accommodation by working with the health care team to accommodate the use of herbal medicine preferences. Health care team members a nurse can involve with this cultural accommodation may include the Physician, pharmacist, or nutritionist. A nurse can also also apply cultural repatterning into their practice. For example, Jamaica’s most popular dish is jerk, a term that describes the process of cooking meats smothered in tongue-searing marinade, and barbecued slowly in an outdoor pit over a fire of pimento wood, which gives the meat its distinctive flavor. Unfortunately, jerk contains high levels of salt and sodium. If a patient has health issues that include congestive heart failure or hypertension, they may need to be on a low sodium diet. A nurse can help with cultural repatterning by teaching the client how to reduce the salt or sodium in their diet, but at the same time maintaining their cultural food preferences. A nurse can provide recipes for jerk with less salt, or work with a nutritionist to tweak the client’s recipes to maintain cultural flavors but lower the sodium content. A nurse can also take part in cultural brokering in their practice. For example, Christianity is the religion that the majority of Jamaican’s practice. Jamaica is known to have the most churches per square mile than any other country ( ). A nurse can intervene for a Jamaican client to ensure they receive culturally appropriate care by working with the health care facility to coordinate care to allow for a Christian minister to come visit with the Jamaican patient and their family. Barriers to applying cultural preservation,  accommodation, repatterning, and brokering include time, money, and health risk factors. The health care facility may not have the means/money to allow for the tradition Jamaican wake for a deceased family member. The use of traditional herbs may be a risk to health if they interact with medications the patient is taking. A visit by a Christian minister may interfere with scheduled care such as diagnostic testing or no visitation/rest time. A nurse is responsible for respecting and maintaining a patients cultural preferences as much as possible. They must advocate for a patient’s cultural desires when possible. Cultural Brokering Cultural brokering means to intervene for clients to ensure that they receive culturally appropriate care within the Western health care system. The nurse understands the client’s values and the system’s values, and can therefore advocate, mediate, or negotiate for the client (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2008). When any of these actions are practiced with the intent to advocate, stand up for, support, intervene, or negotiate for the culture of the individual, families, aggregates, or community, then cultural brokering is being carried out. Health Education Provide at least one example from each of the following four strategies: cultural preservation, cultural accommodation, cultural repatterning cultural brokering. What is a possible barrier to applying the strategy/example chosen? Use an example that is different than the postings of other students. Jamaicans use fruits and vegetables for their healing properties. Papaya helps relieve indigestion, while guava leaves treat diarrhea, and tamarind soothes itchy skin and chicken pox. Herbal medicines are popular, and herbal medicine practitioners and balmists, who practice bush medicine, provide treatment for a wide range of ailments. Herbs are administered as an  infusion (tea), a poultice or bath. A popular treatment is bush tea, which can contain many ingredients such as lemon, fever grass, sour sop, breadfruit leaves and pepper elder.

Modes Of Transportation

Metro Manila is the metropolitan region which has the most populous metropolitan area in the Philippines and 11th most populous in the world. Based on 2010 national statistics it had a population of 11,855,975 populations that is 13% of national population (2010 Population and Housing Census: NCR). The rapid population growth corresponds to more economic needs and mobility for transport of goods, services and products. The direct relationship between urban areas and its population must meet the standard for deficiency of road and highway length as well as modes of transportation in metropolitan area. Nowadays, transportation is accessible at it is. Different modes of transportation are well available for the passenger in provinces and more advantageously in metropolitan area. It is the prerogative of the passenger to choose what will be the mode that would bring him/her to their destination as fast as possible. Sometimes, comfort and convenience are sacrificed in order to meet the ti me in school, work, event, etc.Theoretical frameworkFigure shows the model of the study – the theoretical framework. The respondents, from the first year students of pharmacy, shall be exposed to three experimental conditions, to elicit their waiting behaviors. Economic – efficient mobility for good vehicles that comfortably good for passenger, local economic development like LRT and MRT that are functionally good, and operational efficiency that passengers are satisfied from their travel. Social- social equity (fairness), human safety and health affordability, community cohesion, and cultural preservation from the passenger, Environmental – air, noise and water reductions, climate change emissions resource conservation, open – diversity, and biodiversity protection.Statement of the ProblemThe study aimed to determine the behavior of Freshmen Students in Pharmacy of Centro Escolar University in considering different modes of transportation possible throug h certain place. Apart from that, the researches aimed to identify the following: 1. What is the attitude of the passenger towards selecting mode of transportation that suits their comfort and convenience? 2. What is the mode of transportation that is easy to ride?3. Why are freshmen Student of pharmacy are being late and absent in class? 4. How can they limit their late and absences?HypothesisAmidst the growing number of population in the Philippines and blinding pollution it possess, students nowadays still resist to fight back these struggles they face as they go to school every school days. These troublesome concerns had been giving negative impacts to students. Due to this, alternative solutions are arising for a comfortable way of going to school. Options given to students are renting condominiums, owning a car or ride the hassle-free mode of transportation the environment offers. This study will show the adjustment of freshmen students of the School of Pharmacy of CEU when it comes to modes of transportationSignificance of the StudyThe study will represent the behavior of freshmen Student of pharmacy in considering different modes of transportation possible through certain place. The considering factor will be enumerated and thoroughly discussed to inform possible modest and safest modes for a respondents that selected randomly. Data will also give volume of traffic occur daily to determine what specific day will have congested traffic that varies the choice of passenger and take into consideration the factors that provided by studies. The study is very essential into what mode of transportation will be convenient according to daily traffic state. At the end of the study, readers will understand why does majority of passenger’s took certain mode and why minority prevails choose other.Scope and LimitationCommuting is considered to be one of the daily tasks done especially by freshmen students of pharmacy. To commute or travel from one place to ano ther varies by which mode of transportation is best, either by road or LRT/MRT, when reaching your destination. For this study, the data collection is limited to CEU students who travel by jeeps, bus, and taxi, LRT, MRT coming from different places within Metro Manila and nearby provinces to arrive in our campus. This will be in the form of survey questionnaire both in print and paper that will be handed out to students randomly to ensure that all the answers that will be collected from our respondents vary.Since the research is concerned with the different factors, which affects the various choices of transportation for commuters, this would mean that students who drives and rents condominiums, apartments and/or dormitories are excluded in our study. Psychological analysis through series of survey will provide different factor that commuter’s takes priority in choosing most convenient modes of transportation. The research will only be limited to a small portion of the school s’ population since this will only last for 2 days, the data that will be collected will represent the entire freshmen student of pharmacy of the school.

Early American Rebellions

Early American Rebellions Free Online Research Papers During early America riot and rebellion were an everyday happening. With these rebellions trigging many different political, economic, and social situations, early America was a hectic place. But in this essay I will be only focusing on the social impact these rebellions had on politics. With many riots to choose from, I will be talking about three of the major ones, Shays’ Rebellion, the Whiskey Rebellion, and Tecumseh’s Rebellion. Shays’ Rebellion, led by Daniel Shays, was an example of the revolution spirit in the New England states. Daniel Shays was a tenet farmer, as well as a former soldier in the Revolutionary War, who was wounded in action. Fighting in Lexington and Concord and Bunker Hill, Shays was never paid back for his service in the army. Along with Shays, many other soldiers were in the same boat. They were not happy with this so they decided to take things up with the government. But at the time the government had no money to give out, they were in debt because of the revolution. These former soldiers took up arms against the government to get their payment, and 20 rebels were killed by the militia brought in. Over 1,000 more rebels were captured. The government was terrified of the revolutionary spirit of the people at the time. The Whiskey Rebellion was another huge uprising against the government at the time. At the time the US was 75 million dollar debt, and there was no way for Congress to pay it off. So Hamilton made a tax plan to put a tax a distilled liquors. Farmers from all across the country distilled liquor rather than sell their crops because it was cheaper to make liquor. George Washington and his cabinet called in a militia, led by Washington, to calm the rebels down. This rebellion proved that the Constitution gave the president more power and once again the rebellious nature of America frightened the government. Tecumseh’s rebellion was a â€Å"war† between the United States and an American Indian confederacy led by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh. This â€Å"war† continued into the War of 1812. Also this was considered one of the origins to the War of 1812. This war continued until the Battle of Tippecanoe, which was considered the death blow to Tecumseh’s confederacy. This Also this victory boasted William Harrison into the presidency. In a time of rebellion and riots, early America was continually to figure out what rules they could make and what they couldn’t do. After the Revolution, the government was doing a lot of guess and check of what they could and couldn’t do. All of these events help shape the Constitution. These rebellions also brought people up into higher ranked jobs and on the flip side, bring people down. Research Papers on Early American RebellionsAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAWPETSTEL analysis of IndiaCapital PunishmentBringing Democracy to AfricaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Determining the Strength of Acids and Bases

Determining the Strength of Acids and Bases Strong electrolytes are completely dissociated into ions in water. The acid or base molecule does not exist in aqueous solution, only ions. Weak electrolytes are incompletely dissociated. Here are definitions and examples of strong and weak acids and strong and weak bases. Strong Acids Strong acids completely dissociate in water, forming H and an anion. There are six strong acids. The others are considered to be weak acids. You should commit the strong acids to memory: HCl: hydrochloric acidHNO3: nitric acidH2SO4: sulfuric acidHBr: hydrobromic acidHI: hydroiodic acidHClO4: perchloric acid If the acid is 100 percent dissociated in solutions of 1.0 M or less, it is called strong. Sulfuric acid is considered strong only in its first dissociation step;  100 percent dissociation isnt true as solutions become more concentrated.   H2SO4 → H HSO4- Weak Acids A weak acid only partially dissociates in water to give H and the anion. Examples of weak acids include hydrofluoric acid, HF, and acetic acid, CH3COOH. Weak acids include: Molecules that contain an ionizable proton. A molecule with a formula starting with H usually is an acid.Organic acids containing one or more carboxyl group, -COOH. The H is ionizable.Anions with an ionizable proton (e.g., HSO4- → H SO42-).CationsTransition metal cationsHeavy metal cations with high chargeNH4 dissociates into NH3 H Strong Bases Strong bases dissociate 100 percent into the cation and OH- (hydroxide ion). The hydroxides of the Group I and Group II metals usually are considered to be strong bases. LiOH: lithium hydroxideNaOH: sodium hydroxideKOH: potassium hydroxideRbOH: rubidium hydroxideCsOH: cesium hydroxide*Ca(OH)2: calcium hydroxide*Sr(OH)2: strontium hydroxide*Ba(OH)2: barium hydroxide * These bases completely dissociate in solutions of 0.01 M or less. The other bases make solutions of 1.0 M and are 100 percent dissociated at that concentration. There are other strong bases than those listed, but they are not often encountered. Weak Bases Examples of weak bases include ammonia, NH3, and diethylamine, (CH3CH2)2NH. Like weak acids, weak bases do not completely dissociate in aqueous solution. Most weak bases are anions of weak acids.Weak bases do not furnish OH- ions by dissociation. Instead, they react with water to generate OH- ions.

Macroeconomics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Macroeconomics - Coursework Example Upon shifting the curve W, the new equilibrium point will likely be at R. This is an indication of injection of income into the market cycle by either the households or the government through various spending activities. An excess in the withdrawals more than the injections will imply that there shall be less investments. Consequently, an excess in the withdrawals implies that households are saving some of their income and not spending it; thus, leading to a reduction in the circular flow of income (Carlin & Soskice, 2006). An increase in the government spending would imply increase in injections that would result in an upward shift by UT. Equilibrium will now be attained at point U being the point where the new injections curve will intersect with the withdrawals curve (Carlin & Soskice, 2006). As a result, there will be a rise in the national income by an amount of BC denoted by J’. a. Find data for nominal GDP at US dollar current prices with a base year of your choice and calculate real GDP for Australia, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Japan, UK, and USA from 2005 to 2014. Present the data on a

Sociological perspective Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sociological perspective - Assignment Example Rather, external influences – our experiences – become part of our thinking and motivations. The society in which we grow up, and our particular corners in that society, then, lie at the center of our behavior,† (Henslin 5). Accordingly, the role imagination plays from the sociological perspective is that it must be employed as a tool to comprehend the experiences of others and, consequently, their social understanding of the world. Of course, social imagination is an imperfect tool. I come from a lower middle-class background, but was raised in an upper middle-class neighborhood. As such, it was always difficult for me to fully comprehend the nature of the drug culture and the situation of those living in the underclass of American society. My closest exposure to this social perspective was simply coming into contact with heroine and cocaine addicts and dealers while walking down the street. From this point of view, it was difficult to understand how confined and oppressive their situation was; the exclamation of many work-a-day citizens toward such people – â€Å"get a job!† – almost made sense to me. However, this was until I came into contact with David Simon’s book, The Corner, in which he immersed himself in the drug culture of Baltimore. Simon brings this experience right to the audience and with profound effect. Because of my experience with this book, I believe I have develo ped a vastly more accurate social imagination regarding those caught-up not just in drug addiction but also in the culture surrounding its sale. Naturally, where it not for Simon’s experiences and his communicative ability, this social perspective would still be completely foreign to me; and my imagination would not be nearly as

Levi's Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) Essay

Levi's Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) - Essay Example To perceive business as a mere profit milking enterprise is indeed superficial. In taking this perception into a deeper perspective, brings us to a more substantial and considerable wide array of benefits that is significant for one’s progress and development. In contrary to this, there are some companies who may have had a selfish culture enveloping their business undertaking, that is being one-sided and working for the own and sole advantage of the company. They tend to be biding for the cheaper raw materials, paying less for the workers and providing substandard customer service that would later translate to poor quality of products and services. This is the wrong way of doing business as it sacrifices the satisfaction of the customers who happens to be the core reason for the existence of one’s business. If you want to stay long in the business and build your own identity in the industry, you must take extra good care of these vital stakeholders. Taking all of these into account let us study and analyze the business ways and practices of one of the world’s most renowned brand for centuries now and still counting, the Levi Strauss & Co. Levi Strauss & Co â„ ¢ or simply Levi’s  ® for most of us has been in the industry since 1873. The Levi’s  ® jeans is one of the top-of-the-head brands when it comes to the clothing apparel industry. What makes them outstand for generations one after the other is their constant effort and thirst over continuous improvement and development of their brand. Given such, the company makes sure that whatever the customer’s need, the customer’s gets. Despite of being a large brand recognized internationally and globally, Levi’s  ® has been responsive in giving back to the community. That is, successfully formulating their Corporate Social Responsibility and effectively delivering it to the public in various forms. To concretize this, Levi’s  ® believes that, à ¢â‚¬Å"Our efforts to help solve the most critical issues facing society – HIV/AIDS, equality, worker rights – have been recognized far and wide, as has our commitment to caring for the communities in which we live and work†1. There have been numerous award-giving private and public, local and international organizations that recognized the community efforts given by this company. To tackle one by one these critical issues facing the society today, let us start with HIV/AIDS. Last June 2010, LS&Co. partnered with Grassroot Soccer, a non-profit organization that utilizes the influence of soccer in educating and promoting activities against HIV/AIDS. â€Å"Through a series of interactive discussions and activities, Levi Strauss & Co. employees’ children will gain a better understanding of HIV/AIDS and get a chance to practice the skills necessary for protecting their health as they enter adulthood. Key topics include learning how to make healthy decisions, a void risky behavior, build supportive networks, reduce the stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS and raise awareness of HIV/AIDS testing and treatment†2. 1 LeviStrauss,†Recognition,† Online, http://www.levistrauss.com/about/recognition March 19, 2011 2 GRSweb, â€Å"GRASSROOT SOCCER PARTNERS WITH LEVI STRAUSS & CO.,† Online, http://www.grassrootsoccer.org/2010/06/24/grassroot-soccer-partners-with-levi-strauss-co-to-combine-soccer-and-hiv-prevention-in-world-cup-camp/ (March 22, 2011) True enough, Levi Strauss & Co. definitely knows how to use influence in a positive

Difference Between Murder And Manslaughter

Difference Between Murder And Manslaughter The prosecution must prove beyond all reasonable doubt Woolmington [1935] that the defendant committed the offence (actus reus) and also had the necessary state of mind for committing the offence (mens rea). Murder is the intention to kill or cause grievous harm. The actus reus of murder is if the act committed is intentional, unlawful and is the main cause of death. In Alfs case this is setting fire to Petes house. For Alf to be legally responsible, the prosecution must provide evidence that Alfs act was the factual and legal causation of Veras death. Factual causation can be acknowledged by asking was the defendants act a cause in fact of specified consequence.  [2]  This can be answered by asking But for what the defendant did would the consequence have occurred? If the answer is no, causation in fact is recognized. The But for test makes it easier to determine factual causation between Alfs act of setting Petes house on fire and Veras death. The question in court should be Wo uld Vera die if Alf had not set the house on fire? In R v White [1910]  [3]  prosecution failed to establish factual causation. In this case, if Alf had not set the house on fire, Vera would not have died. Meaning factual causation can be recognized. Legal causation has to be established to be able to take legal action. It uses concepts of blameworthiness, liability and expectation to select the most suitable. R v. Pagett (1983)  [4]  talks of legal causation, as the defendant did not fire the weapon that killed his girlfriend. However he was held liable as the most culpable in the actions leading to her death. Alfs actions need not be the individual cause of Veras death as anothers act may have contributed; it must a substantial and operating cause of death. Jo saw the fire moments after it started and chose not to call for help and Olly could not help as he forgot the ladders. The defendant will not lawfully have caused the particular outcome if there was a novus actus interveniens sufficient to break the legal chain of causation. This can be an act of the victim, third party or an unpredictable natural event. The outcome of the intervening must be so overwhelming that the defendants attack is reduced in importance. In Alfs case, Jo and Olly do not break the chain of causation as their actions are not overwhelming causes for Alf not to be liable. R v Cheshire (1991)  [5]  shows that not all events following the defendants act will break the chain of causation. The mens rea for murder is the mental element the intention to kill or cause dangerously bodily harm. Alfs case outlines that it was not his intention to cause harm, nevertheless was aware of a risk of harm. The mens rea necessary is intention. It is the highest level of mens rea and separates in two areas direct and oblique. Direct intention is when the defendant desires an outcome and their goal is to accomplish it. Oblique intention is when the defendant has a purpose in mind but in achieving that also causes other outcomes that were not desired. Nedrick [1986]  [6]  is like Alfs case. The Nedrick test has objective and subjective perspectives. The objective part would ask if Alf foresaw the death of Vera as a virtual certainty and was he aware that his act could cause harm. The subjective part would ask if Alf foresaw Veras death as a virtual certainty. Even though Alf was aware of the possibility of causing harm, he would not have significant intention if he did not foresee death as a virtual certainty, as he intended a different outcome to what took place. Therefore Alfs intention was oblique as he did not want to kill or cause anyone any harm his intention was to frighten Pete into leaving Sandra alone. Hancock and Shankland (1986)  [7]  the House of Lords indicated that the likelihood of the consequence taking place was something to take into consideration in determining whether there was enough facts from which intention might be inferred. The two miners were convicted of manslaughter and not murder as their intention was to frighten and not kill. Alfs intentions were to frighten Pete not to kill him. However, in contrast with Hancock and Shankland, Alf was aware of the likelihood of harm but the two miners were not. Recklessness takes an inexcusable risk, having two levels subjective and objective. Subjective recklessness is where the defendant realises there is a risk but chooses to take it nonetheless R v G [2004]  [8]  . Objective recklessness is where a sensible person realises there is a risk R v Caldwell [1982]  [9]  . However, a person is still guilty even when mentally unable to realise the risk. Alf shows subjective recklessness by not chekingif the house was empty, and is aware of the possibility of someone getting injured, but still pours the paraffin through the letter box and starts the fire. In Hyam v. D.P.P (1975)  [10]  , the issue before the House of Lords was whether or not the mens rea necessary for murder, was established when the defendant was aware of the high probability that her act would result in death or serious bodily harm. In both the Nedrick (1986  [11]  ) and the Hyam v. D.P.P (1975  [12]  ) cases the defendants were behaving recklessly Alf comm itted an act which was against the law, dangerous and was aware of the risks of harm. The two types of manslaughter are, voluntary and involuntary. In this case, Alfs actions were voluntary. Two specific defences which apply to Alfs case are provocation and diminished responsibility. Provocation was a common law defence prior to the Homicide Act 1957 defined by Delvin J in R v Duffy [1949]  [13]  Provocation is some act, or series of acts, done to the accused which would cause in any reasonable person, and actually causes in the accused, a sudden and temporary loss of self- control, rendering the accused so subject to passion as to make him or her for the moment not master of his mind.  [14]  Section 3 of the Homicide Act 1957 lengthened on this providing that Where on a charge of murder there is evidence on which a jury can find that the person charged was provoked (whether by things done or by things said or by both together) to lose his self- control, the question whether provocation was enough to make a reasonable man do as he did shall be left to be dete rmined by the jury; and in determining that question the jury shall take into account everything both done and said according to the effect which, in their opinion, it would have on a reasonable man.  [15]  This requires the prosecution to prove all elements of murder. There are three elements of provocation; firstly there must be some provocative conduct, secondly there must be a cause to make defendant lose self-control and thirdly if the loss of self control occurs, a reasonable person would also have lost self-control and act in the same way. In Alfs case the facts do not point to any evidence that he was provoked. Alf was profoundly depressed and acted in anger after hearing Sandra was dating Pete. However setting fire to Petes house was not an act performed in the heat of the moment, which would have overcome a reasonable man. Therefore provocation is highly improbable to win if used as a defence. Diminished responsibility is a defence simply statutory. Section 2 (1) of the Homicide Act 1957 states Where a person kills or is a party to the killing of another, he shall not be convicted of murder if he was suffering from such abnormality of mind (whether arising from a condition of arrested or retarded development of mind or any inherent causes or induced by disease or injury) as substantially impaired his mental responsibility for his acts and omissions in doing or being a party to the killing.  [16]  If Alf uses this defence he will not be successful, as he was not suffering from abnormality of mind. The burden is o n the defendant to prove their defence on the balance of probabilities R v Dunbar [1957]  [17]  . In R v Bryne [1960]  [18]  , Lord Parker CJ described an abnormality of mind as a state of mind that the reasonable person would find abnormal Alf can argue he was suffering from depression, as the news of Sandras relationship with Pete caused mental distress and use insanity as a defence. This defence can apply to Alf; however he would have the burden of proving his mental state and that his depression affected his reasoning. According to the MNaghten rules it must be proved that, when the offence was committed, the defendant was under defect of reason, evolving from mental illness, so not knowing the nature and quality of the act committed, or, if he did, not knowing that what he was doing was wrong. If this is the case then Alf will not be held responsible due to insanity. I think it most likely that Alf will be charged with reckless manslaughter, as his intention was not to kill or harm, but to frighten Pete. When setting Petes house on fire he does so in a state of depression and on realising that Vera is inside he immediately changes his mind and runs into the burning house and tries to save her. If Olly had brought t he ladders the tragic death of Vera could have been avoided. There are three different offences of committing involuntary manslaughter, constructive, gross negligence and reckless manslaughter. The case states that Jo is a neighbour and a family friend who notices the fire moments afterwards but does nothing about it. The law does not impose a duty on a public bystander to help or save a person in danger. In order to establish negligence for manslaughter a higher degree of care or relationship is required, even though Jo omitted to call for help she did not owe the victim a duty of care. In R v Stone and Dobinson [1977]  [19]  , they allowed an ill sister to live in their house; she died after they failed to call for medicinal help. They both had a duty of care as they were her primary carer, both charged with manslaughter by gross negligence. The duty can be breached if at any time a risk of injury to health is foreseen R v Stone and Dobinson [1977]  [20]  . If Jo had created a danger which could cause harm to anyone then she would ha ve a duty however this is not the case the fire therfore has not duty to act. Such duty arises from special relationships such as, parent child Gibbins Proctor (1918)  [21]  , a contractual duty Pittwood (1902)  [22]  , an official position Dytham (1979)  [23]  . Jos decision not to act can be considered to be morally wrong but this does not make it a criminal liability. Jo could be convicted of involuntary reckless manslaughter. The case states fireman Olly and his crew turn up to the scene but cannot help as they have forgotten to bring any ladders. The House of Lords in R v Adomako [1994]  [24]  decided that to establish the gross negligence form of manslaughter the prosecution must prove a duty of care a breach of the duty of care and gross negligence. Olly has a duty as a fire man is to save lives and prevent harm to others he breached duty by being negligent in failing to be adequately prepared and failed to carry out his duty by being unable to get to the victim. In the case of Pittwood (1902)  [25]  a railway crossing keeper omitted to close the gates resulting in a person crossing getting hit and killed by a train. The keeper had a contractual which was breached as he was negligent. Bateman (1925)  [26]  states that negligence is gross when it is beyond a matter of mere compensation between subjects and showed such disregard for the life as safety of others as to amount to a crime against the State and conduct deserving of punishment  [27]  Olly was negligent as he did not bring the ladders that could have saved Veras life. Olly could be charged of manslaughter by gross negligence for failing to provide duty of care and breaching his contractual duty.

Its Time to Boycott College Classes Essay -- argumentative essay

College is hard, though not because we lack creature comforts or struggle to keep our bellies full. No, college is hard because it's so often an artificial environment. After four short years of learning, when reality intrudes on our life, we'll be left shaking cobwebs out of heads bleary from months of mind-numbing lectures and multiple choice exams. Â   Personally, the end of college scares me. As a sophomore, I have a couple of years before having to face that beastly post-college cliche, real life! That thought alone is enough to make me roll up into a ball and cry. Of course there is something that scares me more than college -- a dark, vague thought that intrudes on my consciousness, infecting my outlook on school. I'm scared that the time I spent here will be wasted. Â   As a pre-med, struggling to make the grade and ride the curve, time is a commodity in short supply. Like many students, the crunch of jamming my schedule full of classes quells my passion for learning. Sometimes I find myself in my room, books cracked open, and I wonder, what the hell am I doing? Am I happy? Where is this learning leading me? A friend of mine, in a similar academic situation, commented that he felt like he was losing his personality in his studying. No kidding -- sometimes I feel like if Catholics are right, and demons can possess your mind, it must all be directed by a God who dislikes organic chemistry students, and wants to leave them whimpering for mercy. Â   Strange metaphors aside, I wonder why someone like me, who enjoys a challenge and loves learning, is no longer cherishing this opportunity to polish his mental faculties and sharpen his mind to a keen edge. I'd like to think my doubts about the v... ...endation is to boycott classes that fail to generate consistent interaction between professors and students. As for the required classes within a major that jam hundreds of pupils into a room, if enough students petitioned deans to hire more teachers, the voice of the masses would not be ignored. Â   Listen boys and girls, I know balancing budgetary restraints with educational goals taxes the brains of some of the brightest, but I'm tired of playing a game to cram my head full of facts without really understanding where they came from. Shoving it into short-term memory and then sloughing it just isn't cutting it for me. Rather, I would love to see a tuition and fee increase that explicitly aimed to reduce the size of large lectures instead of bolstering another bloated sport program. I would love to see my student government fight for such an increase.

Critical Thinking at Work Essay

The aforementioned â€Å"Rational Model† actually entails following 4 processes including: First of all is to pinpoint or identify the problem; second is to bring into being diverse alternatives/answers to the problem that has just been identified; third is to choose or pick a solution from the second stage or process; and last but not least is to implement the chosen solution before finally assessing it (Decision Making, n. d. ). The description provided will be further understood in the following example taken from my personal experience at the William Smith Sr. Tri-County Early Head Start. Example from My Personal Experience at William Smith Sr. Tri-County Early Head Start Keith A. , a student of the William Smith Sr. Tri-County Early Head Start has often been exhibiting temper tantrums. There are times when he would throw objects at other kids, slap them, lash out at them, etc. He does not seem to know how to calm down. The same thing happened during one of the weekly field trips. All of a sudden, he pushed his seatmate in the bus, yelled at her, and then eventually hit her. Following that incident, a school official seated behind him stood up and sat next to him. I thought she was just going to speak to the child, remind him that what he did was an unacceptable behavior, and oblige him to apologize to his seatmate, etc. But instead of doing so, he held the boy’s hands tightly and angrily told him to behave. When the young boy yelled at the school official, he held Keith’s cheek tightly, said â€Å"you better show some respect young man†. Keith spit at the school official as a response and so he was slapped in return. I did not protect the child. I did not have the courage to tell the school official that he should not treat the young boy that way even if what he did was wrong. Later that day, I was torn between telling the truth and just letting the occurrence pass. I knew in my heart that what the school official did was wrong. It clearly defies the philosophy/vision/mission, as well as, goals of the programs offered in William Smith Sr. Tri-County Early Head Start (William Smith, Sr. , Tri-County Child Development Council, Inc. , n. d. ). I would like to tell the head of the school about what I saw so that the school official who did that to Keith would be subjected to disciplinary action/s and so that such an untoward incident would never happen again because if it did so many students will probably be traumatized if that is how they will be treated if they misbehaved. It is quite difficult on my part to go to the head of the school though and relay what I had just witnessed earlier that day because I am only an ordinary â€Å"rank-and-file employee†. It would be my word as an ordinary employee against the high and mighty school official. It could mean loss of a job on my part. Importance/Benefits of Critical Thinking in the Decision-making Process I utilized the â€Å"Rational Model† here. First, I have identified the problem, which is whether or not to report the untoward incident that I witnessed. Second, I have realized the choices: a) I will tell the head about it to prevent such occurrence in the future; or b) I will just keep it to myself so as to keep my job as well. Third is to pick choice â€Å"a† because it is the right thing to do. Finally, carry it out. Critical thinking played a large role in the decision-making process that I had engaged in since I was able to balance/weigh everything before I moved. Without the â€Å"Rational Model† and without the process of critical thinking, I would not be able to decide objectively and probably arrived at the wrong/unethical decision. References Decision Making. (n. d. ). Retrieved January 17, 2008 from http://72. 14. 253. 104/search? q=cache:ycQOog9jFygJ:www. unf. edu/~gbaker/Man6204/Decision. PDF+decision-making+models&hl=tl&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=ph&client=firefox-a William Smith, Sr. , Tri-County Child Development Council, Inc. (n. d. ). About Us. Retrieved January 17, 2008 from http://www. wsstricounty. org/About. html

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Eight

â€Å"Ugh, I don't think there's a single thing on the hot-lunch bar I'd ever consider eating,† Elena said to Stefan. â€Å"Half the stuff I can't even identify.† Stefan watched patiently as she passed on to the salad bar. â€Å"This isn't much better,† she said, lifting a watery spoonful of cottage cheese and letting it slop back into the container for emphasis. â€Å"I thought the food at col ege would be more edible than in our high school cafeteria, but apparently I was wrong.† Stefan made a vague sound of agreement and looked around for a place for them to sit. He wasn't eating. Human food didn't have much taste for him now, and he'd used his Power to cal down a dove to his balcony that morning. That had provided enough blood to hold him until the evening, when he would need to hunt again. Once Elena final y made herself a salad, he led her to the empty table he'd spotted. She kissed him before she sat down and a shiver of delight ran through him as their minds touched. The familiar link between them slid into place, and he felt Elena's joy, her contentment at being with him and at their new, nearly normal, lives. Below this, a touch of excitement fizzed through her, and Stefan sent a questioning thought between them, wondering what had happened since they'd seen each other that morning. Elena broke the kiss and answered his unspoken question. â€Å"Professor Campbel , my history professor, knew my parents when they were in col ege,† she said. Her voice was calm, but her eyes were bright, and Stefan could sense how big this was for her. â€Å"He was a real y good friend of theirs. He can tel me stories about them, parts of their lives I never knew before.† â€Å"That's great,† Stefan said, pleased for her. â€Å"How was the class?† â€Å"It was al right,† Elena said, beginning to eat her salad. â€Å"We're talking about the colonial days for the first couple of weeks.† She looked up, her fork poised in midair. â€Å"How about you? What was your philosophy class like?† â€Å"Fine.† Stefan paused. Fine wasn't real y what he meant. It had been strange to be sitting in a col ege classroom again. He'd attended col ege a few times during his long history, seen the changing fads in education. At first, his classmates had been a select number of wealthy young men, and now there was a more diverse mix of boys and girls. But there was an essential sameness to al those experiences. The professor lecturing, the students either bored or eager. A certain shal owness of thought, a shy ducking away from exposing deeper feelings. Damon was right. Stefan didn't belong here; he was just playing a role, again. Kil ing some of his limitless time. But Elena – he looked at her, her shining blue eyes fixed on him – she did belong here. She deserved the chance at a normal life, and he knew she wouldn't have come to col ege without him. Could he say any of this to her? He didn't want to dim the excitement in those lapis lazuli eyes, but he had sworn to himself that he would always be honest with her, would treat her as an equal. He opened his mouth, hoping to explain some of what he felt. â€Å"Did you hear about Daniel Greenwater?† a girl asked nearby, her voice high with curiosity as she and her friends slid into the empty chairs on the other end of the table. Stefan closed his mouth and turned his head to listen. â€Å"Who's Daniel Greenwater?† someone else asked. â€Å"Look,† the first girl said, unfolding a newspaper she held. Glancing over, Stefan saw it was the campus paper. â€Å"He's a freshman, and he just vanished. He left the student center when it closed last night, and his roommate says he never came back to the room. It's real y creepy.† Stefan's eyes met Elena's across the table, and she raised an eyebrow thoughtful y. Could this be something they should look into? Another girl at the other end of the table shrugged. â€Å"He probably just got stressed out and went home. Or maybe his roommate kil ed him. You know you get automatic As if your roommate dies.† â€Å"That's a myth,† Stefan said absently, and the girls looked up at him in surprise. â€Å"Could I see the paper for a moment, please?† They passed it over, and Stefan studied the picture on the front. A high school yearbook photo smiled up at him, a skinny floppy-haired guy with a slight overbite and friendly eyes. A face he recognized. He had thought the name sounded familiar. â€Å"He lives in our dorm,† he said softly to Elena. â€Å"Remember him from orientation? He seemed happy to be here. I don't think he would have left, not of his own free wil .† Elena stared at him, her wide eyes apprehensive now. â€Å"Do you think something bad happened to him? There was something weird going on in the quad the first night we were here.† She swal owed. â€Å"They said a girl had gotten into some trouble, but the cops wouldn't real y tel us anything. Do you think it might be related to Daniel Greenwater's disappearance?† â€Å"I don't know,† Stefan said tightly, â€Å"but I'm worried. I don't like anything out of the ordinary.† He stood up. â€Å"Are you ready to go?† Elena nodded, although half her lunch was stil on her tray. Stefan handed the paper politely back to the girls and fol owed Elena outside. â€Å"Maybe we're paranoid because we're used to terrible things happening,† Elena said, once they were on the path heading back up the hil toward their dorm. â€Å"But people disappear al the time. Girls get harassed or attacked sometimes. It's unfortunate, but it doesn't mean there's a sinister plot behind it al .† Stefan paused, staring at a flyer stuck to a tree by the cafeteria. Missing Student, the caption said, with a picture of a girl beneath it. â€Å"Promise me you'l be careful, Elena,† he said. â€Å"Tel Meredith and Bonnie, too. And Matt. None of you should be wandering around campus by yourselves. Not at night, anyway.† Elena nodded, her face pale, staring at the picture on the flyer. Stefan felt a sharp pang of regret even through his anxiety. She had been so excited when they met for lunch, and now that enthusiasm had drained away. He wrapped his arm around her waist, wanting to hold her, to keep her safe. â€Å"Why don't we go out tonight?† he said. â€Å"I've got a study group to go to, but it shouldn't last too long. We could go off campus for dinner. Maybe you could stay over tonight? I'd feel better if I knew you were safe.† Elena looked at him, her eyes suddenly sparkling with laughter. â€Å"Oh, as long as that's the only reason you'd want me in your room,† she said, smiling. â€Å"I'd hate to think you had designs on my virtue.† Stefan thought of Elena's creamy skin and silky golden hair, of her warmth, the rich wine of her blood. The idea of her in his arms again, without her aunt Judith or his landlady, Mrs. Flowers, down the hal , was intoxicating. â€Å"Of course not,† he murmured, bowing his head toward hers. â€Å"I have no designs. I live only to serve you.† He kissed Elena again, sending al his love and longing to her. Above their heads, Stefan heard a strident cawing and the flapping of wings, and, his lips stil against Elena's, he frowned. Elena seemed to sense his sudden tension and pul ed away from him, fol owing his gaze toward the black crow wheeling above them. Damon. Watching them, watching Elena, as always. â€Å"Excel ence.† Ethan's voice rang out across the outdoor basketbal court where the pledges were gathered. Dawn was breaking, and there was no one around except for Ethan and the sleepy-faced pledges. â€Å"As you know from our first meeting, each of you here exemplifies the peak of one or more types of achievement. But that's not enough.† He paused, looking from face to face. â€Å"It's not enough for each of you to have a piece of the best. You can encompass al these attributes in yourself. Over the course of the pledge period, you wil discover worlds inside yourselves that you've never imagined.† Matt shuffled his sneakers against the asphalt and tried to keep the skeptical expression off his face. Expecting him to achieve the heights of academic or artistic success, he knew, was a long shot. He wasn't particularly modest, but he was realistic, and he could list his best qualities: athlete, good friend, honorable guy. He wasn't stupid, either, but if excel ing in intel ect and creativity were prerequisites for being part of the Vitale Society, he might as Wellgive up now. Rubbing the back of his neck, he glanced around at his fel ow pledges. It was reassuring to see that most of them were wearing expressions of barely restrained panic: apparently â€Å"encompassing al these attributes† wasn't something they'd reckoned on either. Chloe, the cute round-faced girl he'd noticed at the first gathering, caught his eye and winked, just a quick brush of her lashes, and he smiled back, feeling oddly happy. â€Å"Today,† Ethan announced, â€Å"we wil work on athleticism.† Matt sighed with relief. Athleticism he could do. Al around him, he saw faces fal . The intel ectuals, the leaders, the budding creative geniuses – they weren't looking forward to testing their athletic prowess. A low rebel ious murmur sWelled among them. â€Å"Don't sulk,† said Ethan, laughing. â€Å"I promise you, by the time you become ful members of the society, each of you wil have reached your peak of physical perfection. For the first time, you wil feel what it is to be truly alive.† His eyes glittered with possibility. Ethan went on to outline the pledges' task. They were about to embark on a fifteen-mile run, with several obstacles along the way. â€Å"Be prepared to get dirty,† he said cheerful y. â€Å"But it wil be wonderful. When you finish, you'l have achieved something new. You are welcome to assist one another. But be aware: if you do not complete the run in three hours, you wil not be invited to continue to the next step in the pledging process.† He smiled. â€Å"Only the best can become members of the Vitale Society.† Matt looked around and saw that the pledges, even those who looked like they had never left the science lab or the library, were retying their sneakers and stretching, wearing determined expressions. â€Å"Holy cow,† a voice beside him said. It was a nice voice, with a real twang to it, a voice that came from somewhere deeper in the South than Virginia, and Matt was smiling even before he looked around and saw that it was Chloe. â€Å"I figure you're about the only person here who isn't going to have a lot of trouble with this,† she said. She was so cute. Little dimples showed in her cheeks when she smiled, and her short dark hair fel in curls behind her ears. â€Å"Hey, I'm Matt,† Matt said, grinning back at her. â€Å"I knew that,† she said cheerful y. â€Å"You're our footbal star.† â€Å"And you're Chloe, the amazing artist,† he said. â€Å"Oh.† She blushed. â€Å"I don't know about that.† â€Å"I'd love to see your work sometime,† he told her, and her smile widened. â€Å"Any tips for today?† she asked. â€Å"I never run unless I'm about to miss the bus, and I think I'm about to regret that.† Her face was so appealing that Matt momentarily felt like hugging her. Instead, he frowned thoughtful y up at the sky. â€Å"Under these kinds of conditions,† he said, â€Å"the best thing to do is incline your arms at a fifty-degree angle to the ground and run with a light bounding step.† Chloe stared at him for a minute and then giggled. â€Å"You're teasing me,† she said. â€Å"That's not fair. I have no idea about this stuff.† â€Å"I'l help you,† Matt said, feeling good. â€Å"We can do it together.†